Characteristics and Features of CSS

Qualities and Features of CSS Task 1: P1/m1 Presentation CSS was presented in 1996. It was made to prevent individuals from rehashing a great deal of code. For instance, in the event that somebody needed to change the section text, they would need to do it each and every time they needed to change the properties. CSS has since gotten progressively adjusted to having more highlights, for instance you would now be able to utilize the # and change the foundation to a huge exhibit of hues. What is CSS CSS is a designing language used to add styling to your page. This is finished by having the CSS archive connected into your html page. This page at that point has selectors and properties which influence the labels inside your html report. Qualities of CSS CSS is written in the accompanying this standard: selector {property: value;} a case of this would be: This would be utilized to change the full page to a dark shading. As should be obvious, the body is the selector, the standard is the foundation shading and the worth is the shading. The request for tasks is the way the page is perused and requesting the techniques for arranging into significance. The request goes as follows: HTML, Inline, Internal then outer. How would we use CSS: Three different ways of HTML getting to CSS Inline An inline template just influences the label it is in. This implies you can change little subtleties of the page without making a huge difference on each and every page. This is acceptable in such a case that you had an outside template/inward with everything in it. You would need to make another label just to change that one detail. Inline overrules outer which implies you can change little subtleties. After HTML, inline is next on the request for activities. This implies it overrules inside/outer. This is a case of the foundation shading being orange on a site page: As should be obvious, the foundation shading is set to orange. What's more, this would be a standard for each page with the template connected. Notwithstanding, in the event that you go to the body tag in html and include this line of code a line of code that would resemble this: I would then change the shade of the foundation paying little heed to the foundation shading set by the outer template/inward. Another case of this being utilized would be with textual style styles. You would for an outer template put a P esteem followed by the traits like this: and this would-be result: However, on the off chance that I needed to have a green book on one single bit of passage text you would then utilize inline styling. You would put something like this: and this would change the shade of what the outer styesheet had set it to. This is acceptable provided that you again had a ton of passage text however you required this to be marginally extraordinary for instance you needed the size to be somewhat littler you would then need to make an entirely different tag. Along these lines you can change a couple of properties and just on that one tag. You would utilize inward when you just need to add a little change to a solitary tag. This is on the grounds that inline just influences the one label it is inside. You would not utilize inline when you either need to influence the full page or the full site since you would need to duplicate the code again and again. Inside Inside styling happens in the leader of the html report. This implies in the event that you are altering the page, you can see everything from looking over. The inward styling is set in a also, a inside the labels. For this model, I am going to give you 4 distinct headings I made through inside. I will presently show you the result and the content inside the body. This looks basic, perfect and sorted out in light of the fact that it is. Not at all like inline, the styling and the tag is discrete. This implies you arent as confounded by the styling as you may be on the off chance that it was inline. Both inner and outer are predominant hence. I will now she all of you the styling I used to get the result that you recently observed: As should be obvious, I can include a group of textual styles. This implies on the off chance that one text style isn't bolstered on a clients PC they will see an alternate elective textual style. I included a content adjust provided that I needed to include these labels inside a shape they would adhere to one side of those shapes. Text dimension is simply arranging how enormous I need the content to be in contradicted to how large it would default to on the off chance that I left it with the html style. A favorable position to inner styling is the way that it overrules outside in the request for tasks. This implies on the off chance that you had one template connected to the entirety of your pages however you needed a couple of little changes you wouldnt need to make another template rather you can simply transform it in the head tag. An impediment would be that inner is under inline so on the off chance that you have incidentally neglected to expel a bit of inline code you dont need inside it you may miss it and need to go completely through the report just to discover what you are absent. You would utilize interior perhaps as a reinforcement. For example, if the outside template doesnt download appropriately and crash you would in any case observe the site like ordinary since it would then go to interior for the entire template. You would utilize inline when you need to make changes to the entire page however few out of every odd single page, such as changing the text dimension of headings. You wouldnt utilize inside when you as of now have an outside template set up ordinarily in light of the fact that it essentially isnt required. Just as a reinforcement. Outer Outer templates permit somebody to design their site page (much like inward) yet on a different report. This implies you can have at least 2 work environments (as you can interface more than one template into your report) giving you a much cleaner workspace. This would be a monstrous preferred position because of the way that the template is effectively accessable. Be that as it may, it is a drawback in light of the fact that any change you make to the outside template influences any html archive that is connected to it.The template you join would be a CSS record that you would use to design labels in. As far as the request for activity, External is last. Putting the request to: HTML, Inline, Internal and afterward External. This is both a positive and a negative. It is a positive since you could have something like a foundation picture this way: Which would set the foundation to: (furthermore, for reference in the event that you zoomed out, it would tile) This could then be connected to each page and would set the foundation picture to that. Yet, in the event that you needed the foundation to be something different, an alternate picture, you could utilize inline styling on the body tag to transform it to that picture. Be that as it may, it could be known as a negative provided that you are modifying somebody elses site and you needed to utilize outer, they may have inline which would mean you needed to experience each line of code to check. A few sites have more than 900 on simply the HTML page. You would utilize outer when you need to make a template that will run on each and every page (or various pages) in light of the fact that as opposed to having a not insignificant rundown of lines of code stopping up your HTML page, you would just need to manage 1 line which would be the connection to the page. You wouldnt utilize outer in the event that you just have 1 page since it is unrealistic to have 2 pages when just 1 will be noticeable. (it would be increasingly effective to simply utilize inside) Connecting a template A completely connected template resembles this: Href: This is the way to the template. As should be obvious mine equitable says main.css which implies that I dont need to go anyplace other than the record. Fundamental equivalents filename and CSS is the report type. On the off chance that for instance you needed to return in the way. Before the document name, there would be a ../ This would resemble this: Also, in the event that you needed to go ahead in the way, you would see a/foldername then the document name. Type/rel This is done just to tell more seasoned programs/smaller than normal programs the real record name since it reveals to them the archive name. P2: Box Model What's going on here? A crate model is something that permits a website specialist/engineer to make a format to the page. This is high in precision because of the way that you can alter right left here and there pixel by pixel. You additionally have choices among edge and cushioning. For what reason do we use it? You would utilize this model to apply precise dividing on your articles inside the website page. You are additionally then ready to turn out to be how much space has been utilized and gives you a possibility for fringes. How would we use it? A case of when you would utilize a case model would be while including a shape. As should be obvious here, you would add styling to a div label like you can see here. This would set the size for it however not add anything to do with the crate model. This implies on the off chance that you included another case, they would be legitimately contacting. Like this. To fix this you would need to include an edge base this way: The issue would then be fixed and there will be a 10px hole between the two items. Content: Content is the real picture or the content. The substance is the focal point of the crate model and is the thing that it is made to serve. This is on the grounds that without the substance there would be no compelling reason to have any dividing or any fringes in light of the fact that there would be no thing for it to be founded on. Cushioning: Cushioning is the separation between the substance and the fringe. This is to include inside space and make your separating more exact than simply utilizing edge which is the outside. A case of cushioning would be: In this model, I show the utilization of one number in cushioning. This implies it influences the cushioning of up, down, left, right. I could utilize 4 numbers which would influence up, down then left right this way: This is acceptable in light of the fact that it permits a great deal of decision which is exact. Fringe: The fringe is the layout after the cushioning. Without cushioning, the fringe would happen around the substance. It would resemble this: What's more, the code will resemble this: In any case, to move the fringe area you would need to include cushioning. This is because of the way that cushioning is inside between the substance and the outskirt. On the off chance that you needed it to move further outside, you would need to include this line of code in: This makes the result lo

History of Auguste Escoffier and Marie Careme Essay

Auguste Escoffier was conceived in Villeneuve-Loubet,the Provence area of France in October 28, 1846. At the point when he turned 13, his dad took him to Nice where he apprenticed at a café possessed by his uncle, along these lines starting the distinguished vocation that he appreciated for the following 62 years. His culinary profession took him numerous spots, from the early years at the chic Le Petit Moulin Rouge and a few different eateries in Paris, to Monte Carlo, Switzerland, and London. In 1870, when the Franco-Prussian War started, Escoffier was called to obligation in the military where he filled in as Chef de Cuisine. It was during this period that he came to think about the requirement for tinned nourishments and was accordingly the principal gourmet expert to embrace inside and out investigation of procedures for canning and saving meats and vegetables. In the wake of coming back to non military personnel life, Escoffier continued his profession in a few Parisian cafés where he consistently climbed the stepping stool of progress. During his time at the Carlton, Escoffier built up a predominant notoriety for haute food. While at the Savoy, Escoffier made one of his most well known plans, Peach Melba, to pay tribute to the Austrian vocalist Nellie Melba who was a visitor at the inn . Three of Escoffier’s most noted vocation accomplishments are altering and modernizing the menu, the craft of cooking and the association of the expert kitchen. Escoffier disentangled the menu as it had been, recording the dishes in the request in which they would be served (Service à la Russe). He additionally built up the first à la Carte menu. He improved the specialty of cooking by disposing of flashy food shows and expound trims and by diminishing the quantity of courses served. He likewise underscored the utilization of regular nourishments and lighter sauces. Escoffier additionally disentangled proficient kitchen association, as he coordinated it into a solitary unit from its recently individualized segments that worked self-sufficiently and frequently made extraordinary squandered and duplication of work. All through his profession, Escoffier composed various books, a significant number of which keep on being viewed as significant today. A portion of his most popula r works incorporate Le Guide Culinaire (1903), Le Livre des Menus (1912) and Ma Cuisine (1934). Just as making changes in the culinary world, Escoffier attempted a few magnanimous undertakings including the association of projects to take care of the hungry and projects to monetarily help resigned gourmet experts. Escoffier got a few distinctions in the course of his life. The French government perceived Escoffier in 1920 by making him a Chevalier of the Legion d’ Honneur, and later an Officer in 1928. The distinctions due Escoffier can be summarized by a statement from Germany’s Kaiser Wilhelm II when he told Escoffier, â€Å"I am the Emperor of Germany, yet you are the sovereign of chefs.† With his better half, Delphine Daffis, Escoffier resigned to Monte Carlo in 1921, there he kicked the bucket on February 12, 1935. Marie Antoine Carã ªme, â€Å"Chef of rulers and the lord of Chefs.† In March 1811, Napoleon and his new spouse, Marie Louise, invited the introduction of a kid, the ached for male beneficiary expected to convey the Bonaparte line forward. A fantastic blowout was requested to commend the dedicating of the youthful â€Å"King of Rome.† Only a year sooner, a youthful baked good culinary specialist named Marie-Antoine Carã ªme had stunned the court with a despite everything discussed wedding cake. For the initiating he would out-do himself once more. Utilizing spun sugar, confectioner’s glue, cream, and meringues all colored in shifting shades of blue, rose, and gold, Carã ªme made a sublime copy of a Venetian gondola. He was deserted in Paris at 8 years old and started filling in as a kitchen kid in a Parisian steakhouse. At 14 years old he was apprenticed to Sylvain Bailly, an acclaimed patissier in Paris. Carã ªme arranged the four essential groups of French sauces that structure the premise of exemplary French cooking to this dayâ€espagnole, vã ©loutã ©, allemande, and bã ©chamel. Because of Carã ªme’s books, French culinary experts working at home and abroad had a fundamental, shared jargon to allude to in their cooking. Marie-Antoine Careme is acclaimed for being the designer of old style cooking. Careme created pieces for Parisian high society, including Napoleon. A French ambassador and gourmand, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord set Careme a test, to deliver a year’s worth of menu just utilizing regular produce. Careme passed and Talleyrand received him into his kitchens. After the fall of Napoleon, Careme moved to London in 1815 and he functioned as a gourmet expert de food for George IV. He left London 3 years after the fact as he found the atmosphere discouraging and felt English culinary experts treated him seriously because of the superstar consideration he got. With the cash he made as an independent culinary expert, Carã ªme opened his own pã ¢tisserieon the Rue de la Paix throughout the winter of 1803-04. Its windows normally exhibited his piã ¨ce montã ©es inciting venture out advisers for make it a suggested stop. He made these enriching focal points out of materials, for example, nougat, marzipan, sugar and baked good. Careme was motivated by structural history and demonstrated huge numbers of his manifestations on sanctuaries, pyramids and old vestiges. A portion of his most popular manifestations incorporate Gros Nougats, Grosses Meringues, Croquants (made with almonds and nectar) and solilemmes (a bun like cake.) Commitments: The sweet Charlotte russe was developed by Marie Antoine Carã ªme who named it to pay tribute to his Russian business Czar Alexander I. Russe being the French word for â€Å"Russian†. Careme is additionally credited with developing the French great desert Napoleon Cake (Mille Feuille) while functioning as Napoleon’s gourmet specialist. Napoleon like to eat Mille Feuille with strawberry favor, so it was named Napoleon cake. It has different flavors, from chocholate, strawbery, mango to berry. Careme was additionally inspired by Architecture and applied it to dessert with is extremely great pieces montees and different manifestations that captivated his peers. (See pictures underneath) My Comment: Above all else, I might want to thank both Auguste and Careme’s exertion for what they have done in the food business particularly in the culinary field. As a result of them we would now be able to utilize or apply the things and information that they had added to us in the late eighteenth century. Without them simply envision what an ordinary Restaurant kitchen would be without Escoffier’s Kitchen Brigade System? I get it would be an all out bedlam and shouldn't something be said about Careme’s four Mother sauces and his engineering plans in pastries? Simply figure what might resemble in numerous unique events particularly in weddings? Without these thoughts no good thing will transpire. I really respect them on the grounds that at a youthful age they figure out how to be resolved in numerous impediments throughout everyday life, they take a stab at their fantasy about turning into a genuine somebody that drove them to be well known in the food business. Conside r the possibility that I or we can do very similar things that they’d done. Perhaps some time or another we can be somebody simply like them later on.

University Writing Skills Essay Samples

University Writing Skills Essay SamplesIf you're looking for essays to help improve your writing skills, you've come to the right place. By reading this article, you'll get a collection of essay samples that you can work with.It doesn't matter what kind of grades you need to get or what kind of students you're dealing with. Writing is an art form. There are a lot of university writing skills essay samples out there, so it is really important to look around.If you're in a hurry and want to get your essays out before your deadline, look around for essay samples that come with instant responses. Instant responses can help you hone your essays until they are polished and ready to submit for exams.You might not think that writing essays is difficult, but if you are trying to improve your university essay skills, you should be extra careful. College writing projects are very hard to complete. Writing is a skill that takes practice.Some good courses are English, History, Social Science, and Art. Make sure that you check with your professors if they have any suggestions or alternatives for writing assignments. Even if you are getting into an online college, they will probably have some suggestions for you.If you don't want to get any essay samples to help you, just go to your library. Most libraries have at least one book on college writing that you can peruse through.When you are trying to get into a major university, it is important to get your grades high. The professor assigned to you will look at your grade point average and if it is low, you will not get the grades you want. If you are unsure about how to get better grades, a guide like this could help you out.Writing skills are the most important skills you can develop for yourself. And you don't even have to take a writing class to improve your skills. There are many resources out there that you can use to help you improve your writing skills.

CRIT THINK 3 MTH 410 Quantitative Business Analysis

Sky Hospital Consortium Managerial Report Bryan Rogel MTH 410 – Quantitative Business Analysis Colorado State University – Global Campus Dr. Jose Romero February 19, 2015 Sky Hospital Consortium Managerial Report The Sky Hospital Consortium has 40 hospitals in various parts of the United States. In these hospitals once a patient is discharged they are given a survey to determine if they are satisfied with the overall service. In this report we will be showing dissatisfied patients and complaints for the total of discharges to try and help the management staff try and improve patients overall experience. 1. The probability of a patient responding â€Å"Dissatisfied† in each of the three different regions. In Sky Hospital Consortium there†¦show more content†¦The probability of a patient filing a formal complaint for each hospital. In this chart below you will see all the patients who have filed a formal complaint broken down by probability as well as rank per region on which hospital is the best and worst and everywhere in between. P(Complaint) Rank by P(C) 0.01885 11 Regional Hospital 0.00776 2 Bell County 0.05245 16 Danville 0.03239 15 Eden Medical 0.02683 14 Elton 0.01015 6 Farr County 0.00995 5 Fresno 0.01717 10 Glendale 0.01494 8 Heber Valley 0.01047 7 Lakeview 0.00940 3 La Paz 0.00951 4 Main 0.00389 1 Mountain View 0.02421 13 Roosevelt 0.02017 12 Ross General 0.01642 9 Salem 0.01477 South General Total 0.01478 4 0.01367 3 Adams General 0.00576 1 Columbus 0.00815 2 Mercy Hospital 0.01058 South Point Total 0.00632 3 0.01573 13 Atlantic 0.02652 16 Branden 0.01777 15 Carson General 0.00782 5 Clifton General 0.06013 20 Columbia 0.00238 1 District Central 0.03013 18 Drexel 0.01589 14 Dubois Regional 0.00926 6 Easton 0.01238 11 Kent 0.01219 10 Lake Shore 0.00712 4 Medina 0.00959 7 Monroe 0.01152 8 Nathan Smith 0.01189 9 Oconnor 0.01279 12 Rye 0.02754 17 Southern Ocean 0.03329 19 Trenton 0.00583 2 Spring Harbor 0.01249 Sun Coast Total 6. The probability of a patient filing a formal complaint given a patient

Literature Review - 1509 Words

Literature Review Effective body language for organizational success It is well-known that body language refers to nonverbal mode of communication. On scientific analysis, it has been found that the different aspects of communication comprise 55% bodily movements and gestures, 38% vocal tone and only 7% words or verbal communication. It is thus clear that about 93% of communication is nonverbal, as many times, words are inadequate. This shows that correct use of body language serves as an effective nonverbal communication tool to convince fellow-workers at workplace, as well as family and friends, eventually leading to overall organizational success through self-development. It further leads to personal and professional growth of an†¦show more content†¦The speaker would also like to know the type of audience sitting to attend the speech. For association executive David M. Patt, it is important to know the reason why he was asked to speak on the subject and where the attendees are employed. Joan L. Eisenstodt, chief strategist at E isenstodt Associates LLC, states that audience demographics including length of membership in the organization and levels of experience are important to know beforehand. (Associations Now; Feb2010, Vol. 6 Issue 2) How to deliver an effective presentation? The paper recommends that collecting ideas and conducting research on audience expectation and supporting evidences to support ones conclusion. Using visual aids with short but effective titles that convey the message one wants to emphasize is recommended. The paper also advises that when the presenter is asked certain questions which he could not answer, he can ask for clarification, answer the part he can respond to, or ask a member of the audience to answer. (Supervision; Sep2009, Vol. 70 Issue 9) Speaking and presentation skills This research tries to present ideas on speaking and presentation skills in communication. Clarity, preparedness, simplicity, vividness, conciseness and being natural are the principles that would make speaking and communicating your thoughts effective. Presentation skills require doing some things like knowing the profile ofShow MoreRelatedEssay Literature Review1001 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Review The purpose of this research project is for you to create a scholarly piece of graduate-level research and writing, which conforms to APA format. Competency in the APA format is required of all Business graduates of Liberty University, as set forth by policy of both the Graduate Faculty and the administration. You will research and write a literature review on a topic relevant to our course. 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Preventing The Occurrence Of Domestic Violence - 1298 Words

â€Å"In Australia we need to do more to prevent the occurrence of domestic violence†. INTRO: Could I please have everyone in the room who has a red dot on their piece of paper to please stand up? You are the 1 in 3 Australian women who experience domestic violence in your lifetime. Now the people who have a yellow dot on their paper please rise. You are the 1 in 5 Australian women who have already, or will be exposed to some kind of sexual violence in your lifetime. Finally, stand if you have a green dot on your piece of paper. (PAUSE) You are the one of 4000 women that die each year due to domestic violence, and in most cases 75% of you 4000 women are killed when attempting to leave an abusive relationship with your intimate partner. So why†¦show more content†¦On television (whether it be the news or in newspapers), video games that our children play, sporting clubs that our youth are growing up in and influenced by, nightclubs that our teenagers and young adults are attending, and on the streets where other dangers are nearby. Its not fair to say that beca use of our constant encounters with these events that domestic violence should be â€Å"accepted,† but to some degree it is these social and environmental factors that make people seen them as â€Å"bad things happening to good people†. But this does not mean that violence against women is inevitable, it just means we need to find out what drives this issue and what works in order to prevent it. I know most of you are probably thinking, what about the male victims of domestic abuse? Yes, our male Australian’s should and are considered when debating this increasing matter, but females are our main priority and this is why. 95% of victims are both females and our younger society, and these 95% of victims experience violence from male perpetrators, this is a statistic that we cannot ignore, and this is why we need to educate our children of the importance of gender equality, and why succumbing to violence is not the answer. Focussing on violence itself is not the a nswer to riding the problem. We must look at all aspects surrounding violence such as the inequality, behaviours and attitudes that support violent actions. To do this

1997 From His Assessable Income For Year †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The 1997 From His Assessable Income For The Year? Answer: Introducation The three items listed above are termed as Collectables under Section 118-10(1) of ITAA, 1997. If these are valued for less than $500, they are considered as exempt items for Capital Gain / Loss purposes. In case of a Gain / Loss for a collectable item valued above the threshold limit of $500, the Capital Loss can only be set-off against a Capital Gain of another collectable, (Barkoczy, 2013). However, in this case of Eric, there is a Capital Gain on Antique Vase and as the item is valued at $2,000, the Capital Gain of $1,000 will be taxable at the hands of Eric. However, the Losses from the Antique Chair and the Painting can be off-set by Eric from any future gains from collectibles. Name of Item Purchase Cost Selling Price Capital Gain Capital Loss Home Sound System $12,000 $11,000 $1,000 This will be termed as a Personal Use Asset under Section 118-10(3) of ITAA, 1997. Accounting to this statute, if the value of the Personal Use Asset is less than $10,000, all Capital Gains / Losses shall be exempt from Capital Gains Tax. However, in this case, the Home Sound System is valued at $12,000 and Eric incurs a Capital Loss on its sale, (Barkoczy, 2012). Hence, Eric cannot offset this loss as this will be treated his personal withdrawal under Section 108-20(1), which states that a loss from a personal use asset shall be disregarded. Name of Item Purchase Cost Selling Price Capital Gain Capital Loss Shares in a Listed Company $5,000 $20,000 $15,000 This is a CGT Asset as described in Section 108-5(1) of ITAA, 1997. Eric can claim a Capital Loss on a CGT Asset as a deductible expenses from his Assessable Income. Similarly, a Capital Gain will be added to the Assessable Income of Eric and he shall pay tax on it. As the shares were acquired within 12 months from their disposal date, Eric is not eligible for any discount on the Capital Gain and will be liable to pay tax on Capital Gain of $15,000, (Barkoczy, 2011). A loan fringe benefit tax on the part of the employer arises when the employer provide a loan to an employee at a subsidised rate of interest during a FBT year. A low rate of interest is applicable when it is less than the applicable statutory rate of interest, which is also known as benchmark interest rate. As on 1 April 2016, this benchmark interest rate was 5.65%, (Alexander Fogarty, 2009). For taxation purposes, the taxable value of a loan fringe benefit is calculated as the difference between: the interest which would have accrued during the FBT year in case the benchmark interest rate had been applied to the outstanding monthly balance of the loan, and the amount of interest that actually accrued at the subsidised rate of interest. Now, if the employee uses a part or whole of the loan to make investments in interest-bearing instruments, then the interest payable on the loan would be wholly deductible at the hands of the employee for income tax purposes. So, under such a deductible rule, the taxable value of such a loan fringe benefit will be nil, regardless of whether the employer charges a low, or even a nil, rate of interest on the loan. This happens because the employee becomes entitled to income tax deduction on the interest charged from him on that portion of the loan which he is using for earning an assessable income. Whereas, this is not applicable on that interest which is charged from the employee on that portion of the loan which he solely uses for his domestic purposes, (Alexander Fogarty, 2009). It is clear from the agreement entered between Jack and Jill that ONLY profit will be distributed as 10% to Jack and 90% to Jill, whereas the loss will be 100% liability of Jack. Hence, Jack will claim the amount of $10,000 as a deductible amount under section 8-1 of the ITAA, 1997 from his Assessable Income for the year. Under the provisions of Joint Tenants, the law is clear that both the partners shall be eligible to claim all Capital Gains / Losses in EQUAL proportions, (Cch, 2012). The principle established by the case of IRC v Duke of Westminster (1936) stated that tax evasion happens when taxpayers deliberately start misrepresenting or concealing the true state of their affairs to the taxation authorities in order to reduce their tax payments, whereastax avoidance is considered as acceptable and legal. Unsurprisingly, this principle is still relevant in Australia and most other developed as well as developing economies, (Cch, 2012).The Australian authorities state that more than a sixth of tax loss is due to tax evasion and a further one sixth is caused by tax avoidance, whereas the balance is just uncollected taxes. Taxation authorities in Australia still do not like taxpayers trying tax avoidance although such actions are viewed as actions taken by taxpayer for taking advantage of a tax relief in a legal manner, (Barkoczy, 2013). Income can be classified either as Ordinary Income Ordinary Income includes incomes earned by personal exertion, carrying on a business or income from properties, as is defined under sections 6-5(1) to (4) of ITAA, 1997. Statutory Income All incomes not covered under ordinary income are termed as Statutory Incomes, as is defined under sections 6-10(1) to (5) of ITAA, 1997. Windfall Income Winnings from lotteries and inheritances are examples of Windfall Incomes and these are also covered under sections 6-10(1) to (5) of ITAA, 1997. Capital Gains All profits derived from sale of assets are termed as Capital Gains, as is defined under sections 104-10(4) of ITAA, 1997, (Barkoczy, 2013). In case Bill wants to avail the first option, it will be assumed for taxation purposes that he is carrying on a business and the income which he derives from the sale of the timber will be considered his Ordinary Income and added to his Assessable Income under section 6-1(1) of ITAA, 1997. However, in case Bill goes for the second option, then the timber would be considered as a Capital Asset as it is part of the land owned by Bill. Thus, the lump sum payment of $50,000 which Bill receives shall be considered as Capital Gain, (Barkoczy, 2012). Although this will also be added to his Assessable Income under section 6-1(1), Bill can avail the 50% Discount under the Discount Method on the Gross Capital Gain which he makes. References Alexander, Dr. R. and Fogarty, H. J. (2009) Australian Master Family Law Guide, Management, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Barkoczy, S. (2011) Core Tax Legislation and Study Guide (16th ed.) North Ryde, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Barkoczy, S. (2012) Australian Tax Case book (10th ed.) North Ryde, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Barkoczy, S. (2013) Foundations of Taxation Law (5th ed.) North Ryde, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Cch, (2012) Australian Master Tax Guide. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited.

The Establishment of an Immersion Program at a Prep Elementary School in Saudi Arabia

The rationale for the choice of the model The rationale for the establishment of the partial immersion program at an elementary school in Saudi Arabia is based upon the benefits of this model for the students’ cognitive abilities and proficiency in general and political and educational advantages of this model of bilingual education within a broader educational context.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on The Establishment of an Immersion Program at a Prep Elementary School in Saudi Arabia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More After the disapproval of Separate Underlying Proficiency (SUP) model of bilingualism developed by Cummins in 1984, it was replaced with the Common Underlying Proficiency (CUP) model (Baker Sienkewicz, 2002, p. 73). The underlying assumption of the SUP model that the acquisition of the second language is possible at the expense of the first, and the proportion of the student’s pro ficiency in the primary language decreases proportionally, has been recognized as erroneous. Thus, the visual illustration of the bilingual education representing the two balloons in the head of a student was incorrect. The CUP model assumes that the human brain has enough space for not only two but even more languages. The latter model illustrates the process of bilingual education in the form of an image of two separate icebergs with only their peaks which can be seen on the surface and a common area in which they are fused defined as central processing system. The main conclusion from this assumption is that regardless of the language used, the student’s thoughts are generated within this unified system and bilingual programs are valuable for enhancing the students’ cognitive skills. The peculiarity of the cognitive processes in the elementary school students is an important aspect which should be taken into account for rationalizing the establishment of the immersi on program at a prep school.Advertising Looking for coursework on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is evidence that before puberty students can learn the second language as successfully as their native language because they use the same part of the brain for acquiring the materials from both languages (Baker, 2001, p. 9). The lateralization, which is defined as the process within which each side of the brain develops its specific functions continues until puberty. It explains the benefits of enrolling young learners into the immersion programs which would allow enhancing their chances for receiving a comprehensible input due to the relative simplicity of the curricula at this stage in general and developing a native-like accent in the target language. Along with the benefits of fostering the development of students’ cognitive skills, the establishment of the immersion program at an elementary school in S audi Arabia can have specific cultural and political advantages. On the one hand, taking into account the cultural context of the country is essential to teaching and interpreting language material, which is a powerful social instrument. In that regard, the studies of the Islamic values and Arabic culture are the compulsory elements of the educational program. On the other hand, taking into account the tension in international relations after the events of September 9/11, the establishment of a bilingual program could have positive political implications for the school. The immersion program can help achieve the proclaimed goal of combining Islamic and modern culture in nurturing the growing population.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on The Establishment of an Immersion Program at a Prep Elementary School in Saudi Arabia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More English as the language of international communication p lays a significant role in establishing positive international relations and enhancing the students’ literacy can become a contribution to making the country’s perspectives in the international arena more optimistic. The establishment of the immersion program could be helpful for not only educating the specialists knowledgeable in English as the language of international communications and reducing the tension in Saudi Arabian relations with other countries intensified after the attacks of September 11, 2001. The events on September 11, 2001, fueled the criticism of Saudi involvement into the terrorist financing affairs and the country’s relative laxity in combating the terrorist groups on its territory (Blanchard Prados, 2007, CRS1). Numerous allegations regarding the ties between the Saudi officials and ordinary citizens on the one hand and the terrorist organization Al Qaeda with its leader the exiled Saudi terrorist Osama bin Laden, on the other hand, have been made in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks. The accusations of Saudi involvement in terrorist financing were partially based on the extreme religious views in the country and the tradition of zakat as the charitable contributions from every citizen counting for about 5% of the individual’s income which are frequently anonymous and not adequately reported but are regarded as the religious obligation for Muslims at the same time. In that regard, fostering the teaching of the English language by establishing the immersion program in the elementary school can be considered as the sign of updating the educational programs, balancing the traditional cultural values, the universal humanistic values and the international culture heritage in the school curricula as the strategy intended to improve the Saudi international relations. Thus, the improved chances for better development of the students’ language competency and cognitive skills in general and positive cult ural and political implications of establishing the partial immersion program in the elementary school can be regarded as the significant benefits and rationale for introducing the bilingual programs into the Saudi Arabian curricula (Garcia, 2009, p. 104).Advertising Looking for coursework on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Analysis of the program’s contribution to the children’s language acquisition Along with the advantages is compliant of the bilingual education for the students’ cognitive development, the immersion program with the major principles of language acquisition in elementary school and can become a valuable contribution to the students’ language competency. Currently, the immersion programs are internationally recognized by educators and politicians as advantageous for not only students’ acquisition of the target language, but also enhancing their knowledge of the first language. There is evidence that in comparison to traditional education models, the immersion language programs provide additional opportunities for developing multilingual competence and gaining higher levels of communicative proficiency (Lindholm-Leary, 2001, p. 1). Acknowledging the cultural foundations of the language, it can be stated that immersion programs can not only enhance stu dents’ linguistic competence but also increase their cultural sensitivity. The early introduction of foreign languages gains expanded support from educators, business, and political leaders. The present-day language teaching techniques are characterized with the shift towards the proficiency-oriented instruction focused on the learners’ practical skills instead of their theoretical knowledge of the language rules (Ryan Cooper, 2010, p. 135). The shift of priorities in the language teaching models and the growing popularity of the immersion programs can be attributed to the advent of the concept of additive bilingualism. According to the theories of additive bilingualism, the introduction of the second language instruction not only does not hinder the further development of the native language competence but, on the contrary, complements it through comparing and contrasting materials in the two languages and enriching the cultural experience. It is significant to empha size the importance of creating the additive bilingual environment in the classroom enrolled into the immersion program instead of a subtractive program in which the introduction of the second language is conducted at the cost of the native language, replacing it (Baker, 2001, p. 307). The submersion approach can have some negative implications for the students’ performance and even their self-esteem. It explains the choice of the model of partial immersion model for Saudi Arabian elementary school, which would allow creating an additive bilingual environment favorable for enhancing the students’ language competence and communicative proficiency. The favorable classroom environment is significant for the students’ academic and personal development and can be created in the immersion programs due to the relative language homogeneity among the students. The early introduction of the second language and first immersion implies that all children are the beginners wh o lack the second language proficiency. In other words, there would not be any significant disparity between the students’ status regarding their second language proficiency which might be possible if some children were more proficient than others (Baker, 2001, p. 306). Another significant aspect to be considered in the early introduction of the immersion program is balancing the objectives of promoting the students’ second language proficiency and ensuring their overall achievement throughout the academic curriculum. Taking into account the importance of the elementary stage for the students’ academic performance in the future, the goal of developing children’s bilingual proficiency requires appropriate immersion teachers’ training for them to be able to balance the two sides of the immersion program without sacrificing any of the educational objectives. Along with the difficulties of creating an additive bilingual classroom environment and balanc ing the education objectives of enhancing the language competence and the academic performance, early immersion model predetermines students’ improved cognitive skills and better performance in the two languages. Based on the CUP model discussed above, according to which the competencies in two languages do not develop at the expense of one another, but instead go side by side and overlap in the area of the central processing system used for solving general problems and generating thoughts before expressing them in any of the languages. In terms of the central processing system, as it is outlined in the CUP model, the concepts which were learned in one language can be easily transferred to another language. The primary assumption of this model is that the two languages interrelate strongly during the immersion period and allow enhancing the overall students’ lingual proficiency and communicative skills (Baker Sienkewicz, 2002, p. 73). In other words, the early introdu ction of the second language not only does not deter the development of the first language skills but rather complements and fosters them. There is evidence that education program can be performed in one or more languages without any significant effects upon the level of students’ skills. However, it should be noted that the language used in the classroom needs to be well-developed so that to comply with the demands of the curriculum assignments. Otherwise, operating an insufficiently developed second language in the school can harm the student’s academic performance. In that regard, the early immersion program is advantageous due to the relative simplicity of the curriculum materials which would allow students to develop their linguistic proficiency at its fullest without reducing their academic achievements. Even though the significant idea of the CUP model concerning the integrated source of thought in bilinguals used for both languages is questioned by the Sapir-Wh orf hypothesis claiming that different languages provide different views of the world, it does not diminish the benefits of the immersion model for the students’ linguistic proficiency in both languages. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is that different languages can influence the individual’s way of thinking through their varied structures, concepts, and discourse (Baker, 2001, p. 170). However, even assuming that different languages allow viewing the concepts under different angles, it can be stated that the acquisition of the second language would only extend the students’ views and enhance their understanding of specific issues. Thus, the translation of meanings across the languages of the program would foster the development of the students’ cognitive skills. Reasons for the content areas to be taught The main issues which need to be taken into account in developing an early partial immersion program for a Saudi Arabian elementary school include the tradi tional values of Muslim culture, the standards of academic performance for elementary students and the demands of developing the second language proficiency at the level sufficient for complete comprehension of the academic instructions provided in the target language. It is recommended to consider the rule of 5 Cs, including the aspects of culture, communication, connections, comparisons, and communities for developing a comprehensive language immersion program (Garcia Baker, 2007, p. 13). Thus, the modern principles of bilingual education need to be adapted to the needs of a specific community and compliant with the laws of Indigenous country. The innovative approach to teaching languages in the era of enhanced international communication needs to be connected to the traditional values of the local culture. Serious consideration should be given to the role of religious beliefs in the Saudi Arabian community and culture. Though frequently even criticized because of its extreme rel igious views, the Saudi Arabian culture would be incomplete if deprived of theological subject area which is essential to the studies of the social sciences and the students’ socialization. On the other hand, in the context of the current modernization course and the goal of balancing the indigenous culture with modern international perspectives and the objective of improving the global relationships, the religious elements should not be overemphasized in the program, but rather balanced with the rest of the educational course. A complex consideration of the principles of the 5Cs framework can be defined as the most appropriate approach to selecting the subject areas which need to be included into the curriculum of the elementary students and the choice of the language of instruction for each specific discipline in the partial immersion project which would allow achieving the goals of enhancing the levels of the students’ linguistic proficiency without reducing their a cademic achievements or neglecting their cultural or spiritual needs. Focusing on the aspects of the culture and community from the 5 Cs framework, the subject areas of Islam studies and cultural values need to be incorporated into the curriculum of the elementary school. Taking into account the role of the religious studies in the Saudi Arabian community, it should be noted that theological studies need to become an essential element of the school curricula. Whereas the partial immersion program implies using the two languages, and the Arabian language is critical to transferring the main concepts of Muslim culture to children. In that regard, the instruction in a native language is preferable for such subject areas as theology and native culture containing some specific concepts which cannot be translated into the second language due to the lack of free equivalents in a foreign culture. The choice of the subjects to be taught in a foreign language can be rationalized by the need o f shifting the emphasis from theoretical materials towards the actual use of these materials in practice. Taking into account the principle of the CUP model which is put into the basis of the partial immersion program and according to which the common processing mechanism is used by the students for generating thoughts before expressing them in any of the two languages, it would be reasonable to provide the instructions for the subjects which require significant thinking operations in a second language. For instance, such subjects as mathematics, art, and the basics of social sciences can be taught in English without any significant decrease in their academic performance. Because these subjects require enhanced thinking processes which are prioritized over operation of the language materials, it can be stated that the use of a foreign language for a partial immersion program would allow shifting the focus towards the involved content instead of concentrating on the observation of th e language rules. Thus, providing students with opportunities for expressing their thoughts in a foreign language not for the sake of training the language skills but for the purpose of solving concrete academic problems might be helpful for enhancing their linguistic proficiency. As compared to the observation of the artificial use of the language materials in the imitated learning situations in traditional language models, providing the instructions for math, art and other subject areas requiring enhanced thinking activities and based upon more or less universal terminology independent from the coloring of the local culture would allow improve the students’ language proficiency without reducing their academic achievements. Along with the 5Cs framework and the consideration of the cultural demands of the Saudi Arabian community, another significant issue which should be taken into account when developing an effective bilingual program is the peculiarities of the development of the cognitive skills and perception of the academic materials in students at a given time. This approach would allow taking the advantages of the natural development of students instead of suppressing the natural processes in them. Thus, there is evidence that the early immersion programs can have positive effects on the students’ listening abilities and the skills of oral production (Lyster, 2007, p. 12). For this reason, the listening and speaking exercises deserve serious consideration in most subject areas, regardless of the chosen language of instruction for them. Without concentrating children’s attention upon the general rules for operating the language materials of the second language, the early immersion programs allow developing language fluency in learners through training their listening, comprehension and speaking skills while solving particular academic problems (Khan and Aziz, 2011, p. 107). Taking into account the importance of the listening exercise s in the early immersion programs, it should be noted that the teachers working according to this model need to be not only enthusiastic about creating the bilingual environment, but also have profound language skills in both English and Arabian, close or equal to the levels of native speakers. The educators’ attitudes and prior training play an essential role in the development of the students’ linguistic and communicative proficiency (Lee, Luykx, Buxton, Shaver, 2007, p. 1270). Due to the fact that the introduction of an early immersion model into the curriculum of a Saudi Arabian elementary school presupposes significant shifts in the educators’ traditional views of the school curriculum and approaches to teaching foreign languages, sufficient training would be required for changing not only the elements of the curriculum and the language of instruction in specific subject areas, but also the teachers’ perception of the academic outcomes and the educa tional objectives. Moreover, at the initial stages of the introduction of a new program of bilingual education, teachers will have to pay special attention to the levels of the students’ second language comprehension which has to be sufficient so that not to deter the children’s academic progress. On the other hand, the academic assignments need to be challenging so that students could concentrate on generating the solutions for the specific educational programs before expressing them in any of the program languages. Regardless of the criticism of the early immersion programs for the lack of the language creativity (Donato Tucker, 2010, p. 88), this model can be beneficial for developing the students’ fluency in the second language, enhancing their competence in the first language and even improving their cognitive skills on the condition that the framework of the 5CS is put into the basis of the school curriculum, and the objective of enhancing the studentsâ⠂¬â„¢ linguistic proficiency is balanced with the demands of the academic materials and cultural needs of a specific community. Regarding the development of a complex curriculum for the introduction of an early partial immersion model in the Saudi Arabian elementary school, the instruction in a native Arabian language is preferable for such study areas as religion and culture, whereas the second English language would be appropriate for the education in mathematics and art. Summary of the most critical  points The rationale for the establishment of the early partial immersion program at an elementary school in Saudi Arabia is focused upon the benefits of this model for the development of the students’ language competence, language skills and the positive political implications within broader educational and social contexts. After Cummins’ SUP model of bilingualism has been disapproved, it has been replaced with an innovative CUP model. Rejecting Cummins’ assum ption that the acquisition of the second language is performed at the expense of the first language proficiency, the CUP model claims that the addition of the second language is beneficial for the child’s cognitive development in general. According to the CUP model, the integrated mechanism of generating thoughts is used by students for solving the academic problems before expressing the achieved solutions in any of the program languages. Regardless of the recent tendency to reject the primary assumption of the CUP model concerning the integrated mechanism used for the thinking processes by claiming that varied languages with their specific syntactic constructions and concepts lacking absolute equivalents in other languages, the assumption that the bilingual classroom environment is beneficial for enhancing the levels of the students’ linguistic proficiency. Even if the constructions and concepts of a specific language affect the students’ perspectives upon the discussed concepts and perception of the academic materials, the acquisition of the second language will help extend the students’ views on concrete academic problems and enhancing their understanding of specific issues. Regarding the positive political implications of creating the bilingual environment in an elementary Saudi Arabian school, it can be stated that with the current situation in the international area, the introduction of the early immersion programs and enhancing the levels of the students’ proficiency in the English language as a language of global communications is significant for establishing positive relations with other countries. Taking into account that the religious extremism and cultural peculiarities of Saudi Arabian community predetermined the international criticism of the country, its officials and citizens for their involvement into the terrorism financing affairs, the measures need to be imposed for updating the national culture and educat ional programs. Balancing the social coloring of the school curricula with the needs of the new community and the tension in the international relations with the other countries in the aftermath of the events of the September 11, the basic concepts of the Saudi Arabian Muslim culture need to be preserved in the school curriculum. It is essential to create a positive bilingual environment and prevent suppression of the local culture so that to foster the students’ comprehensive development. In that regard, the partial immersion model can contribute to the students’ comprehensive development complying not only with their academic needs but also satisfying their social and spiritual demands which are significant for the process of their socialization. The framework of 5Cs is the most appropriate approach to balancing the various educational demands in developing a practical language teaching program, including the community, connections, culture, comparisons, and communic ation. The main burden of evaluating and controlling the levels of the students’ linguistic proficiency in both Arabian and English languages is put upon the educators. For this reason, special attention should be paid to the teachers’ immersion training and attitudes towards the establishment of the innovative model at the Saudi Arabian elementary school. With the recent shift towards the language teaching models based upon operation of the language materials instead of focusing on theoretical issues, the establishment of the early immersion program in the elementary Saudi Arabian school would allow the school going with the times even though would require additional efforts of the educators and administrators for balancing the different objectives of the curriculum and controlling the effectiveness of its establishment for preventing the possible hazards of the reverse effects. The choice of a new immersion strategy is also significant because it would allow taking t he advantages of the relatively homogeneous linguistic environment in the class and the relative simplicity of the curriculum. Though there was no evidence of decreasing the students’ academic performance due to the second language instructions in the 50% of the study areas, the measures need to be imposed for controlling the levels of the students’ academic performance and second language comprehension which need to be sufficient for solving challenging academic problems. Reference List Baker, C. Sienkewicz, A. (2002). The care and education of young bilinguals: An introduction for professionals. Tonawanda, NY: Multilingual Matters Ltd. Baker, C. (2001). Foundations of bilingual education and bilingualism. (4th ed.) Multilingual Matters. Blanchard, C. Prados, A. (September 2007) Saudi Arabia: Terrorist financing issues. CRS Report for Congress. Web. Donato, R. Tucker, G. (2010). A tale of two schools: Developing sustainable early foreign language programs. Tonawand a, NY: Multilingual Matters. Garcia, O. Baker, C. (2007). Bilingual education: An introductory reader. Tonawanda, NY: Multilingual Matters. Garcia, O. (2009). Bilingual education in the 21st Century. Benefits of Bilingualism (pp. 93-107). Multilingual Matters. Khan, A. and Aziz, K. (March 2011) Role of applied linguistics in the teaching of English in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of English Linguistics, 1 (1), 105-113. Lee, O., Luykx, A., Buxton, C., Shaver, A. (November 2007). The challenge of altering elementary school teachers’ beliefs and practices regarding linguistic and cultural diversity in science instruction. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 44(9), 1269-1291. Lindholm-Leary, K. (2001). Dual language education. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters. Lyster, R. (2007). Learning and teaching languages through content: A counterbalanced approach. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Publishing. Ryan, K. Cooper, J. (2010). Those who can, teach. Boston, MA : Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Saunders, Semonsky, C. Spielberger, M. (2004). Early language learning: A model for success. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing. This coursework on The Establishment of an Immersion Program at a Prep Elementary School in Saudi Arabia was written and submitted by user Ishaan T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

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Applied linguistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Applied linguistics - Essay Example The input that a learner receives has been identified as a major contributor that affects the acquisition of a second language. The importance of the input given to a learner was emphasized by Stephen Krashen who advocated for comprehensible input as the solution to acquisition of a second language (Hunston & Oakey, 2010). Input is invariably determined by the amount of time granted to the learner and thus the longer the time allocated the better a learner becomes in speaking a second language. Input can be enhanced by personal reading habits of the learner (Ortega, 2009, p. 60). Learners who are committed to reading books written in the second language of choice are at a better place than their non-reading counterparts are in speaking the language fluently. Voluntary reading of books can be termed as one of the best-input tools, and the results justify the significance of input in the learning process (Hunston & Oakey, 2010). The importance of the type of input in the acquisition of a second language cannot be overemphasized as grammatically sequenced processes have been found to be ineffective. The use of sequencing should be limited and the process should be limited to individual learner’s abilities. However, input is not the only solution in the learning process and more alternatives have to be accommodated. ... might undergo significant lessons in language their communication might not be as sharp as that of those learning the language in France or a French-speaking nation. The interaction hypothesis emphasizes on the conditions that are present during the learning process. The interaction of a learner in the second language is crucial in developing fluency and deeper understanding of the actual meaning of certain words. Interaction entails using the language in day-to-day activities. The interaction phase is conducive when there is some sort of breakdown in the communication and a learner is forced to negotiate for the meaning (Ortega, 2009, p.63). This insinuates that for communication to be successful a learner should be in a surrounding where they can use the second language in their activities. The interaction phase is important in helping learners in simplifying input and pushing them to modify parts of their speech. The output hypothesis plays an important role in a person’s a ttempt of learning a second language. The output process essentially assists learners of a language by providing them with the necessary feedback (Hunston & Oakey, 2010). The output of the process should be comprehensible to the learner for maximized automation of their knowledge of the new language. Finally, the importance of the output hypothesis in the process of acquiring a second language is assisting individuals in concentrating on the form and nature of their communication. The input process can also pose a challenge in SLA for example if too much emphasis is placed on classroom teachings (Ortega, 2009, p. 60). The teaching of a second language primarily in the classroom can be part of the hindrance to the acquisition process as emphasis is placed on vocabularies instead of literally

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Recruit Requirements - Assignment Example The applicant further needs to have a valid driver’s license and successfully pass Physical Abilities Test (PAT), Polygraph examination, ad psychological examination (Florida highway patrol: 65th anniversary 1939-2004, 2005). They must be a citizen of United States aged 21 years or older. They should possess a High School Diploma or GED. They should also not have visible tattoos on their bodies when wearing standard uniform of the day. They should not have used any illegal drugs whatsoever for a period of not less than 3 years of making application or after they have attained 30 years of age. The applicant should also demonstrate good moral character and have no felony convictions, arrests or other law enforcement engagements entailing perjury, false statements, or criminal traffic offences. Other qualification include six months free of tobacco use and must have successfully passed investigation tests and polygraph examination (Gee, 2014). A contrasts of the requirements for Florida State Police and join Hillsborough County Sheriff’s Office reveal a lot of similarity. However, an officer at sheriff’s office must be at least 21 years old as compared to 19 years age required for the state police. Also, while both of state police and sheriff’s office insists on physical qualifications, the former pays a lot of attention on this qualification. This is evidenced by the limited number of female employees in these department who find the training to be excessively rigorous. However, due to the nurture of their engagement and their expansive jurisdictional coverage, it is necessary for the state police to be a notch higher than their state counterparts when it comes to physical fitness. It is under the discretion of the physician conducting PAT to determine that the applicant meets the physical requirements necessary to perform the basic functions that appertains to the

Centralization Essay Example for Free

Centralization Essay Response #1 What does it mean for a business to relocate? Does it mean that businesses use relocation opportunities to expand their market coverage and to pursue the principles of economic and organizational optimization? In his article, Janowitz (2007) suggests, that relocation can be equally positive and harmful to businesses. I completely agree to the fact that before relocating, businesses should consider all available options and must guarantee that relocation does not harm the quality and overall effectiveness of the major business operations. However, I do not fully agree to the statement that relocation requires considering only a set of factors that characterize the chosen facility site. What seems more important is whether businesses can successfully and continuously perform during relocation. Janowitz (2007) is correct in that relocation is a costly and potentially dangerous procedure, but it is business continuity that should be included into the set of crucial aspects responsible for the success of all relocation attempts. Response #2 Centralization implies the need for businesses and production facilities to be concentrated in one location, and it is very probable that when decentralized, commanders will find it more difficult to effectively manage multiple units. Delisi (2009) suggests that centralization can not only enhance the quality of all management operations, but can give commanders an opportunity to get the training they need, while keeping equipment up-to-date without moving from site to site. Unfortunately, a big deal of information exists with regard to the drawbacks of centralization; and that most companies prefer to remain decentralized suggests that decentralization is probably the most optimal business choice. Unfortunately, centralization deprives businesses of organizational flexibility. Centralized decisions do not always fit into different organizational cultures, to which specific business units adhere. Finally, centralization does not provide business units and facilities with a chance to quickly respond to the changing environmental and market conditions; and although centralization may sometimes be beneficial, in the world of flexibility and innovation it remains the measure of last resort.

To His Coy Mistress: Beneath The Romance Essay -- essays research pape

Few would argue that on the surface level of Marvel's "To His Coy Mistress" the speaker is a lover advancing a conventional 'carpe diem' line of thought. He systematically reasons with his desired object about the futility of delaying their interlude when the hours available to them are limited, but the lyric may simultaneously function as a metaphor for Marvel's endeavors as a metaphysical poet. Metaphysical writers view poetry as an intellectual exercise, an opportunity to develop ideas in a logical, argumentative structure; for them, the object of poetry is not to serve as an outlet for an effusion of emotional sentiments. If one approaches "To a Coy Mistress" as a discussion of the pressures which time places upon a writer, Marvel's apostrophe takes on an ironic twist. He uses his analytical skills to coax his writing to manifest his intended desires, providing a playful look at the connection between a man and his work. Complicating this relationship is the necessity of negotiating under the terms and constraints of an outside third party: time. Marvel battles to balance his time between his public occupation as a member of the British Parliament, the Hull, and his more private pursuits as a writer. The superficially apparent pleas of a lover seeking a relationship serve as a mirror to Marvel's struggle to conquer his artistic prowess.The poem itself contains three distinct components of argumentation, all which occur within a syllogistic framework. The argumentation of each division begins with an acknowledged impossibility, represented by the conditional tenses of "Had we," "But," and "Now, therefore." Marvel comprehends his incapacity to master absolutely the antagonist of time, but in this poem, he achieves a victory through the creation of an interpretation of time unbounded by a linear backdrop. He uses a three tiered progression of argumentation: 1) a reflection of the writing process removed from traditional conceptions of time; 2) discourse on the urgency of creating written material wi thin human time frames; and 3) the presentation of written material as a celebration of life.In the first division, Marvel creates a world ideally conducive to his endeavors as a writer by distorting human measurement of time. In the beginning line, the vast and illimitable capacity of the backdrop blurs the re... ...al games, is advancing a more complex message. One of the hallmarks of metaphysical poets is the practice of metaphysical conceit, which is a figure of speech that employs unconventional and paradoxical images. Marvel engages in the challenging task of relating the struggles of a writer trying to direct his energy and ideas into a concrete format to the attempts of a lover trying to convince another to engage in sexual relations. The syllogistic framework of the poem seems to support the implausibility of such a relationship, but Marvel succeeds with his logical progression in formulating a unique perspective of a writer's plight. By constantly shifting its pace, the poem redefines the conception of time, asking one to consider how an artist must control his medium within time's constraints. The audience feels itself being gently introduced to the endless possibilities of the exploration of ideas just before entering a race against time to understand the frustration, fear and the ultimate explosion of excitement accompanying the writing experience. Marvel succeeds in validating the metaphysical tenets of prose, but only if the audience is clever enough to read beneath the romance.

Jamaica Kincaid

Place, she uses strong conviction and passion for the island which she grew up on. Although, the reader may view this strong affection very offensive, Kinked generalizes tourists and how they abuse the use of Antigen workers in hotels and tourism while on vacations, seems like she is trying to leave the reader understanding and empathetic. â€Å"Since you are a tourist, a North American or European – to be frank, white – and not an Antigen black returning to Antigen fromEurope or North America with cardboard boxes of much needed cheap clothes and food for relatives, you move through customs swiftly, you move through customs with ease. † Immediately the reader is hit with the second person accusation. Not only the second person, but anyone who has actually traveled to these places. Next we notice the racial descriptions that come off as prejudice and almost ignorant. Kinked acts despondent towards any white individual that tours her homeland because of the poverty there, and also European and Northern American tourists attitude about her, ugly' country.Ms. Kind's assessments are extremely critical, but they also give any reader a new perspective on what locals may think while tourists visit their land. Antigen, from the author's description has a strong workforce within the tourism field, being that its one of the only places needing employees. She uses irony by saying that because white tourists are on vacation they block out whatever negative views are around them, therefore the island they visit is perfect.Kinked slightly interdicts herself when describing the employees as happy individuals because for a tourist the first positive impression from a worker could relay a happy person makes, a happy place. For Kinked to blame the reader or visitors ignorance as the reason for her rash views of her land, Is unjust. Bitterness and resentment are Just a few of the negative tones that the author uses to portray her message. Her poetic way of wri ting may haven't not been the correct approach to reach the reader. Her anger about tourism and the money tourists bring In Is very off putting and offensive. Jamaica Kincaid Place, she uses strong conviction and passion for the island which she grew up on. Although, the reader may view this strong affection very offensive, Kinked generalizes tourists and how they abuse the use of Antigen workers in hotels and tourism while on vacations, seems like she is trying to leave the reader understanding and empathetic. â€Å"Since you are a tourist, a North American or European – to be frank, white – and not an Antigen black returning to Antigen fromEurope or North America with cardboard boxes of much needed cheap clothes and food for relatives, you move through customs swiftly, you move through customs with ease. † Immediately the reader is hit with the second person accusation. Not only the second person, but anyone who has actually traveled to these places. Next we notice the racial descriptions that come off as prejudice and almost ignorant. Kinked acts despondent towards any white individual that tours her homeland because of the poverty there, and also European and Northern American tourists attitude about her, ugly' country.Ms. Kind's assessments are extremely critical, but they also give any reader a new perspective on what locals may think while tourists visit their land. Antigen, from the author's description has a strong workforce within the tourism field, being that its one of the only places needing employees. She uses irony by saying that because white tourists are on vacation they block out whatever negative views are around them, therefore the island they visit is perfect.Kinked slightly interdicts herself when describing the employees as happy individuals because for a tourist the first positive impression from a worker could relay a happy person makes, a happy place. For Kinked to blame the reader or visitors ignorance as the reason for her rash views of her land, Is unjust. Bitterness and resentment are Just a few of the negative tones that the author uses to portray her message. Her poetic way of wri ting may haven't not been the correct approach to reach the reader. Her anger about tourism and the money tourists bring In Is very off putting and offensive.

The Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay - 863 Words

Many authors in the Romantics time period enjoyed using imagination. Their ideas were new and different compared to older ones while being written for basically everyone to understand. These poets and writers also usually had a deeper meaning within their simple poems and this was to make people think about what was being said. Although they are not the first to do something like this the romantic poets are most known for this idea of seeing the double meaning so to speak. Each poem when it’s meaning is revealed usually has a deep and important meaning. Some writers reveal their most inner thoughts within their poetry. For example in The Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake his idea that there are two different types of people in this†¦show more content†¦Here Blake is basically talking of such an evil being known as the tiger there are people in society who are more like this evil tiger who pounce on their prey and their main intent is to hurt people they don’t care about feelings. In The Lamb William Blake also points out that the lamb was made by God. Yet rather than him saying this about the tiger Blake asks an interesting question in The Tyger on page 749 lines 19-24, â€Å"Did he smile his work to s ee? Did he who made the Lamb make thee? Tyger, Tyger burning bright, In the forests of the night: What immortal hand or eye Dare frame thy fearful symmetry.† His intriguing question here is that could the same person who made the lamb possible make something as evil as the tiger. Rather than him saying could he said dare and that if that person was happy with his finished evil product knowing that the tiger would only bring destruction and despair to the world. Another thing that could be taken away from these two poems is that there needs to be both types of the people in the world for balance. Next, The Chimney Sweeper by Blake criticizes the way society has a negative effect on children’s lives. In this poem William Blake takes the reader to the reality of the life of a young chimney sweep back in his day: of course this experience for the young child was not so pleasant. A young boy is forced to become a chimney sweep due to his mother’s death and his father’s abandonment of the child. In some ways these jobs forShow MoreRelatedThe Lamb And The Tyger By William Blake1330 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Blake is an English poet, painter, and printmaker from the eighteenth century. With his unique way with words and mastery craftsmanship, he created an illustration collection of poems called Songs of Innocence and Experience in 1789. His most famous poems from Songs of Innocence and Experience are â€Å"The Lamb and The Tyger†. These poems use animals to attest to God’s role as the Creator, yet they possess contrasting tones and language of the speaker and present conflicting views of God’s powerRead MoreThe Lamb And The Tyger By William Blake996 Words   |  4 Page screated, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible† (Colossians 1:16). William Blake wrote poems about this very subject. In his twin poems, â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger†, Blake uses different literary techniques such as sound, imagery and symbolism to echo the common theme of creation along with how it is viewed differently. William Blake’s use of sound in his poems, â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger†, enhance the central idea of creation and the question of how one God can create such differentRead MoreThe Tyger And The Lamb By William Blake991 Words   |  4 Pagesand event that has ever existed may have had bad effects in one situation, but good effects for another situation. And every human, by extension, has aspects about them that can be viewed as both good and evil. In his poems, â€Å"The Tyger† and, â€Å"The Lamb†, author William Blake explores the ideas of duality, and how each thing must have an equal opposite. He uses both these poems to further ruminate on this dichotomy and brings up many questions in the context of religion. He seeks to point out that inRead MoreThe Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay1758 Words   |  8 Pages William Blake, a unique poet of the literary canon, is one of the most critiqued poets of all time. Having a rather un ique stylistic approach to topics, especially religion, Blake seems to contradict himself in his own writing and, therefore, sparks questions in the readers’ minds on specific subjects. Two of his poems in particular have been widely critiqued and viewed in various lights. â€Å"The Tyger,† written in 1774, and â€Å"The Lamb,† written five years later in 1789, are considered companion poemsRead MoreWilliam Blake s The Lamb And The Tyger1493 Words   |  6 Pageswriters who recorded their artistic and emotional responses to the natural world, William Blake explores the concept of life’s dualities and how this concept applied to life in 18th Century Britain, as well as to the relationship between the body and spirit, in his most popular works, Songs of Innocence and of Experience: Showing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul (1794). Two standout poems, â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger,† respectively taken from Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience, demonstrateRead MoreWilliam Blake s The Lamb And The Tyger873 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribed as pure, tender, and innocent. Even in the Holy Bible, lambs are talked about in such high honor that they were even used to be holy sacrifices during biblical times. William Blake describes the young sheep in similar characteristics in the poem â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger†. A tiger as we know its characteristics to be is fierce and mysterious. Always lurking around, waiting for the perfect opportunity to strike. In William Blake’s two separate poems he ties each of the poems together withRead MoreWilliam Blake s The Tyger And The Lamb 940 Words   |  4 Pagesthe ages many writers have come and gone, and with them brought many ideas or viewpoints on life and the human soul. Undoubtedly, William Blake was indeed one of those monumental writers who paved the way for new thinking. A thinking of the human soul and two intricate parts that join to fulfill a soul. Both pairs of the soul are illustrated in both The Tyger and The Lamb. Both poems being commonly referred to as staples of poetry, can allude to different ideas. Man believe they deal with the questionsRead MoreWilliam Blake s The Lamb And The Tyger1473 Words   |  6 PagesWhile Blake’s â€Å"The Lamb† and â€Å"The Tyger† contrast each other as the innocence and experiences that happen in the world, they also reflect on how our Creator could create such evil and purity in the same world. The same of Wordsworth’s representation of his past self vs. his present self, both are necessary to understand â€Å"the life of things† more deeply. Innocence is the foundation upon which experience is built meaning that experience and tragic parts of life start from the innocence of a personRead More Comparing The Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesComparing The Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake This essay will focus on the enchanting poem, The Lamb which is taken from the Songs of Innocence which will be compared and contrasted with the mysterious poem, The Tyger, which is taken from the Songs of Experience. The poem of The Lamb represents the childs early years whereas The Tyger portrays an adult (the dominator). Blake has constructed these two poems from natural views and by comparing and contrastingRead More Comparison of The Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay2199 Words   |  9 PagesWhen do we change? When do we change from being the innocent children God sent into the world, to the corrupted ones that leave the earth? William Blake’s ‘Songs of Innocence and Experience examine these different states. Blake wanted to show the two contrary states in the human mind. The Lamb and the Tyger are just vehicles for Blake to express what he feels happens to people as they grow, develop and eventually become perverted by the world around them. Blake’s background and occupation greatly